Human Biases Reflected As Computer Biases

Bias: prejudice in favor of or against a thing, person, or group

What is “computer bias”?

The existence of prejudiced outcomes in the decisions or predictions made by computer systems/algorithms. Bias can be implemented into algorithms because of human biases being intentionally inserted or because of the data utilized being biased.

Explicit Data: Information directly provided by user.

Implicit Data: Infomration that can inferred from explicit data.

Based on either explicit/implicit data that has been used to train an algorithm, whether intentionally introduced or during the process of training data generation, bias can be created.

A notable example of this is seen in Netflix, where there are is a human factor that drives bias: Netflix exclusives are placed ahead (a show that is a Netflix exclusive means that users will be more likely to stay with Netflix). The bias in this case is Netflix’s prioritzation towards Netflix-produced shows.

Hack 1:

What is another example of a human bias being implemented into an algorithm?

Answer: Youtube uses human bias as it has a reccomendation system, which reccomends things based on your liking.

Reducing Bias

Programmers should take action to reduce bias in algorithms used for computing innovations as a way of combating existing human biases. Softwares need to be unbiased, consider all everything, and reject human bias.

Things to consider when developing programs:

• What are potential sources of bias?
• Is your program enhancing or intentionally excluding?
• Are you receiving feedback from a widespread group of people?
• How could people who differ from you use your developments?

Hack 2:

What is another way a programmer can reduce bias in their softwares?

Answer: Making it more general or broad.

Types of Bias in Software Development

Biases can be embedded at all levels of software development.

It can be intentional or unintentional. Some software development are made for a certain market and ensure that people of certain places or demographics can use them easily. However, this doesn’t mean that they are trying to exclude.

Examples:

Intentional:

• Games could be geared towards a certain age range (Talking Tom vs Valorant)
  • Game concepts
  • Music
  • Visuals

• WeChat and KakaoTalk
  • Almost everyone in China uses WeChat
  • KakaoTalk is the Korean version

Unintentional:

• Social media, Facebook vs. instagram

Hack 3:

What are some other examples of intentional and/or unintentional bias in innovations (games, social media, technology, etc.)?

Answer: Intentional bias is games that are only catered to a certain demographic.

Homework

Question 1:

Define “computer bias” in your own words and explain how it can result from intentional or unintentional factors in software development. Give a brief example of this. Explain how programmers can actively work to reduce bias in their algorithms?

Answer: Computer bias is something that is caused either on purpsoe or not, and target a certain demographic. THis could be done intentionally through data biases. THis can be avoided by making the code broader and not target specific groups

Question 2:

Briefly describe the two types of bias in software development and provide examples from the gaming industry and social media platforms. How might biases in software design affect user engagement and experiences?

Answer:

ONe example is when using an AI it may have invalid data as it has been trained a certain way. Or in another case in the gaming industry games such as Minecraft may be catered to younger kids, as it is developed in such a way that mostly kids will find it appealing.